Welcome to my website! I am a second year Ph.D. student in economics at the University of California, Berkeley. I am interested in political economy and development economics, and have previously worked on conflict and political reservations in India, democratic transitions and state repression, and longevity.
Before my Ph.D., I worked as a predoc with Robin Burgess and Oriana Bandiera at the LSE, where I also did a masters in economics.
The Journal of the Economics of Ageing, Volume 26 (2023), 100470
Abstract [+] [–] Growing life expectancy and a rising proportion of older people make the issue of whether cohorts are ageing better a key individual, social and economic issue. Using data from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing we characterise how frailty develops with age, how this differs across demographic groups, whether more recent cohorts are ageing better and what the key areas of focus for health policy should be. We find cohort effects such that frailty at each age has been decreasing over time but that this trend shows modest signs of slowing and is less pronounced for those with lower wealth. Improvements across cohorts reflect improvements in ADLs, cognitive function, and mobility but limited progress in reducing the incidence of diseases such as cancer, cardiovascular disease, etc. We find mobility and ADLs the main driver of average differences across regions but cross-regional differences are driven more by within than between group inequality.
(with Clare Balboni, Robin Burgess, Anton Heil and Ben Olken)
AEA Papers and Proceedings, May 2021, Vol. 111, 415–419
Abstract [+] [–] This paper examines the link between electoral incentives and environmental degradation by exploiting a satellite data set on 107,000 forest fires and 879 asynchronous district elections in Indonesia. Fires represent a cheap but illegal means of converting forested land to other uses, but risk burning out of control and creating substantial negative environmental externalities. We find a significant electoral cycle in forest fires. Ignitions and area burned decline during election years, but steeply increase in the year after. The results suggest that politicians may suppress this activity at times when it might particularly dent their electoral chances.
International Studies Quarterly, September 2021, Vol. 65, Issue 3, 753–767
Abstract [+] [–] This paper examines the transnational dimensions of low-level conflict and state repression. In this regard, special emphasis is placed on the role of political regimes. Drawing on a simple model, we argue that democracy has opposing effects on conflict intensity. On the one hand, democracy satisfies demand for political participation and thus reduces conflict potential. On the other hand, we highlight that domestic democracy may spur dissatisfaction and conflict abroad, which, in turn, may induce conflict spillovers. As a result, the net effect of democracy on low-level conflict and state repression is ambiguous and depends on the level of democracy in the neighborhood: We predict that democracy is more pacifying in democratic environments and may spur conflict in autocratic environments. By the symmetry of the model, we also predict that democratic environments are more pacifying for democratic countries and may spur conflict in autocracies. Empirical evidence using panel data on different types of low-level conflict and state repression for 160 countries in the period from 1950 to 2011 supports these hypotheses. Additionally, two case studies illustrate the mechanisms of our model.
Mandated Political Representation and Low-Level Conflict: Evidence from India
Working Paper, available on request
Abstract [+] [–] This paper analyzes the effect of political reservations on low-level subnational conflict in India. The recent literature on the impact of reservations on public goods provison finds that reservations benefit the targeted minorities. This may come at the detriment of other minorities or forward castes. I explore the latter possibility in a simple formal model of targeted public goods provision. The model indicates that reservations reduce conflict the larger and economically more disadvantaged the targeted minority is. However, this result may be mediated by reelection incentives. I investigate the predictions of the model with empirical data from Indian constituencies and village-level surveys. At the constituency level, where politicians can be reelected, reservations are associated with significantly lower levels of conflict. At the village level, the rotation of reservations constitutes an implicit term limit, and reservation is, if at all, associated with more conflict.
Abstract [+] [–] Although there is consensus that full democracies are less repressive than other regime types, the establishment of full democracy is not always followed by reduced state repression. Against that background, this paper examines heterogeneity in the relationship between democracy and government violations of human rights. Drawing on arguments from the civil war literature, we develop a simple model that highlights opposing effects of democracy on state repression. Consequently, the net effect of democracy is shown to be ambiguous. Furthermore, the model reveals that pacifying (adverse) effects of democracy are more likely to dominate in countries with higher (lower) income levels. These implications are tested empirically using different methodological approaches, including time-series cross-sectional regressions, event studies, and a recent generalization of the synthetic control method. Our analyses confirm that democracy is related to reduced repression in relatively rich countries, whereas we find no or even adverse effects in poor countries.
The Interaction Between Covid-19 and an Ageing Society. With Andrew J. Scott. In: VoxEU / CEPR Policy Portal
(2020). Link to article
Sparprojekt oder Milchmädchenrechnung? Die finanziellen Effekte eines Bundeslandes „Mitteldeutschland [Fiscal aspects of a ‘Länder’ merger]. With Felix Rösel. In: ifo Dresden berichtet 25/02 (2018). 12–17. Link to pdf
Die Preisentwicklung für Kaufimmobilien in Sachsen– Ein Überblick über die aktuellen Daten [Recent data on housing prices in Saxony]. With Carolin Fritzsche. In: ifo Dresden berichtet 24/06 (2017). 20–24. Link to pdf
Steht sächsischen Schulen ein Qualitätsverlust bevor? Ein Überblick internationaler Studien zur Lehrqualität von Seiteneinsteigern [Review of studies on teaching quality of ‘career changers’]. With Julia Sonnenburg. In: ifo Dresden berichtet 24/06 (2017). 31–34. Link to pdf
Teaching
A few examples of the visualizations I use to teach undergraduate applied econometrics:
#EconTwitter I am offering FREE mentoring for anyone interested in applying for masters/predocs/PhD programs in Economics. In return, I request you to donate to an Indian Covid foundation, such as @Hemkunt_Fdn or @Khalsa_Aid. DM me if interested! #IndiaFightsCOVID19 1/3
This website is inspired by Gautam Rao and Lei Yang. You can find the source code on my Github repository. Please feel free to copy it for your own website.
